It's kind of tough to explain even though I've been making wingbones (and more recently Jordans) for over 25 years.
Very generally speaking, the smaller the ID of the bones, particularly the mouthpiece, the higher the pitch. Length figures in as well. Take a right and left wing from the same bird and and make one approx. 7.5" and one 8.5", the shorter one will have a higher pitch and the longer one will be a bit more mellow.
I have yet to figure the "exact science", but through many years of experimenting, you learn what works and a lot less end up in the trash, lol.
Customer's preference also comes in to play, as everyone has different tastes and abilities.